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1st KOSB EXERCISES

EXERCISE CAIRN II

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Selkirk to Caddonlee, Tweed valley
Scotland
Selkirk to Caddonlee, Tweed valley

IWM image of 1st KOSB's bicycles

On 20 March 1944, while still stationed around Selkirk, 1st KOSB rehearsed the whole sequence of an assault landing without going near the sea. The "beach" was a road and railway bridge outside Selkirk, code-named C Beach. On the approaches, the Intelligence Officer and Regimental Police laid out "boxes", each the size of a landing craft load, LCTs for the vehicles and LCIs for the infantry, and every carrier, gun and platoon had to wait in its box until called forward to "land".


The companies came in from their billets at Abbotsford, Broadmeadows, Maxpoffle and The Kennels: C Company on bicycles, A and D in lorries, B and Battalion HQ on foot. H hour was 0830. The marching troops landed in PT shoes with their boots tied to their haversacks, and an advance party under Capt Stonor went ashore with 185 Infantry Brigade to mark out the assembly area.


Once ashore the plan ran in four phases: landing, assembly, a firm base and the advance. B Company sent an officers' patrol forward on bicycles to see whether the enemy held the bridge over the Tweed at Fairnilee, then seized it as a firm base. The battalion then pushed through to its concentration area at Caddonlee, near Clovenfords, while 185 Brigade crossed country to take the high ground beyond.

WAR DIARY - 1ST KOSB

18 March 1944

Conference and preliminary orders for Ex CAIRN II.


19 March 1944

Rugger Match v Kelso (away) won 24-0. Sunday services. Preparation for Ex CAIRN II.


20 March 1944

Ex CAIRN II. See appendix.


21 March 1944 Road party moves up NORTH. 22 March 1944 "ATTACK" T.E.W.T. for Officers on present operational role. Tracks move up North.


23 March 1944

Recapitulatory Conference on Ex CAIRN II.

20 March 1944

20 March 1944

Supporting Documents

Ex "CAIRN II"

1 KOSB OO No.1 · SECRET · Copy No. 24

Ref Maps 1 in to 1 mile Sheet 80


INFM.

1. Enemy – Str and disposns as given with Gen Idea.

2. Own Tps – 185 Inf Bde is moving across country via THORNYLEE 9057 to seize MAINSHILL 9559 – DUNLEE HILL 9459 – KNOWES HILL 9359.


INTENTION

3. 1 KOSB with the utmost speed will seize conc area – area CADDONLEE 9356.


METHOD

4. The op will be in 4 Phases.

5. Phase I – The Ldg

(a) Ldg of Bn on C Beach – see March Table Appx A attd and Ldg Table Appx D attd to Assault Scale Instruction No.1.

(b) Maj Gillies will land as 2 i/c and pass Bn vehs and personnel ldg on Tide I thro the beaches to the assembly area. He will bring up the rear of the Bn and rejoin his company in the assembly area. Lt Young will assist him.

6. Phase II – The Assembly

(a) Move to Assembly Area – see Trace P att.

(b) Adv party will land with 185 Inf Bde at 0830 hrs.

Composition: Capt. Stonor; one Sgt each A, B, C, D & S Coys (all on cycles).

They will mark Coy areas in Assembly areas as per Trace P.

(c) Immediately on arrival the Bn O Gp will report to Bn HQ.

7. Phase III – Firm Base

(a) On CO's orders, B Coy will send fwd an officers patrol on cycle to find out if the enemy is holding:-

(i) Br 952539

(ii) FAIRNLEE 950545

IO will brief patrol.

(b) On CO's orders, B Coy gp will establish a firm base to cover br at 952539.

In sp B Coy: one Sec A tk guns; one Mobile fire controller; one FOO (imaginary).

8. Phase IV – Adv to Conc Area

(a) Order of March: C Coy on bicycles – R & O Gps – D Coy – Bn HQ – S Coy – A Coy.

(b) Route: Br 952539 – rd junc 943563 – rd junc 937564.

(c) SP: Rd and track junc 967526. Dis P: Rd junc 943563.

9. Conc Area – On arr conc area Coys will be disposed as per Trace Q att.


INTERCOMN

10. Bn HQ – rd and track junc 938563.


(Signed) J.B. Boyd, Capt., Adjt. 1 KOSB

Dist: List A plus Capt Stonor


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Ex "CAIRN II" · APPX 'A' · SECRET

MOVEMENT TABLE

1. For route and timings see Movement Table attd.

2. H hrs will be 0830 hrs – thus first tps landing at H plus 30 [?] will land at 0900 hrs.

3. On arrival at rd rly br 971518 tps will be guided into LCT and LCI load "Boxes". Tps will NOT move out of these boxes until ordered to cross by IO or rep. IO and RP will be responsible for organisation of boxes and order of landing.

4. All rifle coy carriers will report to MT Car Park by 0730 hrs.

5. MTO and MT Sgt will be responsible for forming up vehs into Craft Loads in MT Car Park and sending them down to "boxes" as per march table.

6. Marching Tps will land in PT shoes with boots tied on haversack.

7. 3 ton lorries carrying A Coy will proceed to rd junc 974522 immediately their loads are dropped. Lorries with D Coy will halt with head on rd junc 979527 as per march table. They will then await orders from MTO.

8. For the purpose of this Ex all RP M/Cs will land dryshod after IO has finished with their services.

9. OC S Coy will send out to Coys by 1700 hrs 19 Mar carrier pl personnel who are to travel with those coys.


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Ex "CAIRN II" · MOVEMENT TABLE

(Ser – Sub unit – Start point – Time past – Route – Box – Arr box – Remarks)

1 – A Coy Carrier, D Coy Carrier, Crs M/C – HQ Coy Car Park – 0745 – X rds 968508 – rd & rly br 971518 – LCT 1 – 0800

2 – 1 Jeep, CO's Carrier, Carrier, 6 pr gun, Crs M/C – -do- – 0750 – -do- – LCT 4 [?] – 0805

3 – Bn HQ Marching Tps in LCT 4 – Bn HQ – 0810 – -do- – LCT 4 – 0840

4 – 2 Mortar Carriers, 1 M/C Mortars, 1 M/C Carriers – HQ Coy Car Park – 0755 – -do- – LCT 7 – 0810

5 – 1 Mortar Carrier, 1 Mortar M/C – -do- – 0800 – -do- – LCT 8 – 0815

6 – 2 Mortar Carriers, 1 Mortar M/C, 1 Sigs M/C – -do- – 0805 – -do- – LCT 9 – 0820

7 – 1 Mortar Carrier, 1 Sigs M/C – -do- – 0810 – -do- – LCT 10 – 0825

8 – 1 Mortar Carrier, B Coy Carrier, MTO M/C – -do- – 0815 – -do- – LCT 11 – 0830

9 – C Coy Carrier, Int M/C – -do- – 0820 – -do- – LCT 12 – 0835

10 – C Coy – MAXPOFFLE – 0800 – X rds 045509 – x rds 968493 – SELKIRK – rd rly br 971518 – LCI 1 – 0915 – Cycles

11 – A Coy – BROADMEADOWS – 0845 – SELKIRK – rd rly br 971518 – LCI 1, LCI 2 – 0910 – 5 x 3 tonners to be at A Coy by 0730 hrs (4 from RASC, 1 from Bn)

12 – B Coy – ABBOTSFORD – 0755 – Rd junc 979527 – rd rly br 971518 – LCI 1, LCI 3 – 0910 – Marching

13 – D Coy – THE KENNELS – 0800 – X rds 045509 – rd junc 008500 – rd junc 979527 – LCI 3 – 0900 – Lorries halt at rd junc 979527 and await orders MTO. Lorries as for A Coy

14 – Bn HQ (March Tps), S Coy (LCI 2) – Bn HQ – 0830 – X rds 968508 – rd rly br 971518 – LCI 2 – 0900 – Marching

15 – 1 Carrier, 1 6-pr, 1 Carden Loyd, 1 6-pr, M/C A.tk – HQ Coy Car Park – 0920 – -do- – LCT 13 – 0935

16 – 2 Carden Loyds, 2 6-pr Guns, M/C Sigs, M/C A.tk – -do- – 0925 – -do- – LCT 14 – 0940

17 – 1 Carden Loyd, 1 6-pr gun, 1 M/C A.tk – -do- – 0930 – -do- – LCT 15 – 0945


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A note on the terms

LCT / LCI – Landing Craft Tank / Landing Craft Infantry: here, taped-out "boxes" the size of each craft load. Tide I – the first tide of landings. Firm base – a position seized and held to cover the rest of the battalion. FOO – Forward Observation Officer (Royal Artillery), imaginary for this exercise. SP / Dis P – Start Point / Dispersal Point. RP – Regimental Police. Carden Loyd – small tracked carriers, here used to tow the 6-pounder anti-tank guns. M/C – motorcycle.

Selkirk to Caddonlee, Tweed valley

Map of Exercise CAIRN II, 20 March 1944: 1st KOSB "lands" across the Ettrick Water at C Beach near Selkirk, seizes Yair Bridge over the Tweed as a firm base and advances north towards its concentration area at Caddonlee, plotted from the grid references in the orders.

OUR TAKE
CAIRN II is FABIUS in miniature, six weeks early. The orders follow exactly the same pattern the battalion would use in May and on D-Day itself: a landing in craft loads on "Tide I", an advance party going in with 185 Brigade to mark the assembly area, a firm base, and an advance to a concentration area while 185 Brigade pushes on to the high ground. Even the paperwork matches. The assembly and concentration areas are on Traces P and Q, the same letters used for the FABIUS traces, and the landing tables hang off an "Assault Scale Instruction No.1". So do the names: Maj Gillies bringing the vehicles through the beaches, Capt Stonor leading the advance party, Lt Young assisting. Landing in PT shoes with boots tied to the haversack, and the Regimental Police motorcyclists being allowed to "land dryshod", suggest some of the battalion really did get its feet wet. Two days later the officers were out again on the Attack TEWT, and on the 23rd the CO held a recap conference.

Transcribed from the original War Diary and appendices, 1st Battalion King's Own Scottish Borderers, March 1944 (War Diary 18–23 March 1944; 1 KOSB OO No.1 for Ex CAIRN II, Copy No. 24; Appx A and Movement Table).

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